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The best instrument is a Hoof Pick with a brush attached. You apply pressure by gripping the back of the lower part of the leg you want to pick up. As the horse lifts the leg to move it, you pick it up by using the near side hand to come from between the two legs, and cup the ankle in your near side hand. Using the offside hand, brush the dirt & debris from the hoof. Using the pointed pick section, scrape the remainder of the dirt from the hoof. Make sure to completely clean the frog area (diamond shaped area at the back of the foot on the bottom), and the bars of the frog that run through the sole of the hoof on the bottom. These are the two areas most prone to hoof problems, and should be cleaned out at least on a once a day basis.